Reversible motor



May 17, 1938'. P. vANf SITTERT 2,117,584

` REVERSIBLE MOTOR Filed Dec. 31, 1935 2 sheets-sheet 1 76 5 INVENTOR ATTORN EY May 17, 1938. P. VAN` slTTl-:RT 2,117,584

REVERS IBLE MOTOR Filed Dec. 31. 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 .f4 36 252 25 21 /9 In 72 34 35 ,z2 .24 23 [273]/ 37 33 5467 76 ff 121 521 I3 29 36 25.20 ,252/ lg s v Q 65 7e 72 5s 73 P 155.13

PAU/ VAN 67772367' INVENToR ATTORNEY iii Patented May 17, 1938 REVERSIBLE MOTOR raul van sitter-t, south Euclid, ohio, assigner to The Cleveland Pneumatic Tool Company, Cleveland, Chio, a corporation of Ohio Appelation December 31, 1935, sensi No. 56,932

4 Claims.

This invention relates broadly to rotary motors, but more particularly to fluid actuated rotary motorof the reversible type.

One object of this invention is to produce a fluid actuated rotary motor of the reversible type with portsand passages arranged and disposed in a manner whereby the efliciency of the motor, irrespective of the direction of rotation thereof, is substantially equal to the highest emciency heretofore obtained with similar motor of the nonreversible type.

Another object of this invention is to provide a uid actuated motor of the reversible type with a hand grip operable for controlling the amount oi' motive fluid admitted into the motor as well as the direction of rotation of the latter.

Another object of this invention is to construct a fluid actuated motor of the reversible type wherein the parts are arranged and disposed in a manner producing a compact unit which is strong, durable, and efficient.

Other objects and advantages more or less ancillary to the foregoing and the manner in which the various objects are attained, reside in the specific construction and aggroupment oi the elements peculiar to this structure, as will become apparent from a more complete examination of this specification, in the claims of which there are assembled certain specic constructions indicative of the scope and spirit oi the invention.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is an elevational sectional view of a motor having the invention applied thereto.

Figs. 2, 3, and 4 are views illustrating a portion of the handle with the handle grip shown in diiierent positions.

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view taken in a plane indicated by line 5-75 in Fig. 1.

Fig. Gis a cross sectional view taken in a plane indicated by line 6-6 in Fig. 1.

Fig. 7 is a cross sectional view taken in a plane indicated by line 'I--l in Fig. 1. p

Fig. 8 is a cross sectional view taken in a plane indicated by line 8-8 in Fig. 1.

Figs. 9 and 12 are views of the handle illustrated in Fig. 1, with parts thereof shown in a screw threaded portion I6 adapted to receiveY a nut I'I, by which a handle I8 is rigidly aflixed to the housing l5. To the end of the handle I8 is secured an inlet motive fluid connection I8. The handle I8 is formed with abore 20, extending longitudinally therethrough, and having the further end thereof constituting a valve seat adapted to receive the head 2| of a poppet valve 22, which is slidably mounted therein. This valve is constantly urged toward its seat by a compression spring 23 interposed between the valve and the bottom of a cavity 24 formed within the inlet connection i9. The stem of the valve 22 is also provided with a slot 25 affording the communication of the bore 20 with the cavity 2H. Cut through the side wall of the handle I8 adjacent the valve 22, there is an arcuated slot 25 hav ing a pin 2l extending therethrough with one end rigidly secured within the stem of the valve 22. This slot is covered by a thin sleeve. which has 20 been omitted in Figs. 2, 3, and 4 to better illustrate the slot 2S. The other end of the pin 2l is tted within a sleeve 28, which is rotatably mounted on the handle it between the inlet connection i9 and a collar 29, which is also 5 mounted on the handle. The sleeve 28 carries a screw 3d which extends into the handle bore 2li through a slot 3i formed through the side wall of the handle. Slidably mounted within a key slot longitudinally disposed within the handle i8 and collar 2Q, there is a key 32 having detents adapted to receive a ball 33 carried by the collar 29 and constantly urged in engagement with the detents by a spring clip 34 mounted on the collar 29. The end of the key 32 is adapted to protrude into 'a cut away portion or slot 35 provided in the end wall of the sleeve 2t. Disposed within the bore 3d of the handle i8, there is the stem 3E of a cylindrical valve 3l which is rotatably mounted within a bushing 54 rigidly secured within the housing I5. The stem 36 is aixed -to the sleeve 2B for rotation therewith by the screw 30, and is also provided with a longitudinally disposed bore 38 opening into two smaller ports 39 formed through the cylindrical valve 3l.

The casing I 5 is provided with a rotor chamber d0, having a rotor M mounted therein in line contact with the inner wall of the chamber for rotation in either direction. This rotor has the usual blades 42 radially movable therein and 50 capable of substantially ud tight engagement with the inner wall of the chamber 40. At its lower end, the rotor shaft isguided Within a ball bearing 43, and hasfsecured thereto a gear M, which constitutes the driving pinion of a speed 55 reduction mechanism 45 enclosed within a iront casing 48. 'I'hrough the mechanism 4l, rotation at a reduced rate of speed is transmitted to a spindle or shaft 41 having a work receiving member or socket 48 detachably secured thereto. The other end of the rotor shaft extends into a rear housing 48 where it is supported within a ballbearing 58, and has adequately mounted thereon a speed governor I, which is associated, through a pivotally mounted lever 52, with a throttle valve 53,y the latter being slidably mounted within the casing I5 for the purpose hereinafter described.

The bushing 54 within which the cylindrical valve 31 is rotatably mounted, is formed toward its left end in Fig. 1 with a plurality of rectangular passages 55, 56, 51, and 58, disposed at right angles with each other and capable of intercommunication through two ats 59 and 60 formed on the valve 31. Toward the right end in Fig. l, the bushing 54 is provided with two other passages 6I and 82` disposed at 180 from each other, and having the passage 58 extending therebetween. This last passage is capable of communication with either the passage 6I or 82 through two flats 63 and 64. formed on the valve 31. Surrounding the bushing 54, the housing I5 is formed with a plurality of passageways cored therein, including a passageway 65 leading from the end of the valve 31 to a vertical vchamber 66 within which the valve 53 is slidably mounted. This last chamber is capable of communication with the passage 56 formed through the bushing 54, through a passageway 81. The motive uid may be admitted into the rotor chamber 48 through either a port 68 or 89, the former being in communication with the passage 55 formed in the bushing 34 through apassageway 18, while the latter is in communication with the bushing passage 51 through a passageway 1 I. The relatively long passage 58 formed in the bushing 54 is in constant communication with the atmosphere through a cavity 12 and port 13. Motive uid may exhaust from the rotor chamber 40 through two ports 14 and 15, the former leading to the valve bushing passage 82, through a passageway v 11l while the latter is leading to the bushingpassage 6I through. a passageway 16.

In the operation of the motor, let it be assumed that the handle sleeve 28 has been rotated into the position shown in Fig. 2, thus causing the pin v 21 engaging the side walls of the slot 26 to move the cylindrical valve 31, due to its association v with the sleeve 28 through the screw 30, is posiltioned as shown in Figs. 6 and '1. Motive uid now admitted into the handle bore 28 is free to ow through the valve bore 38 into the passageway 65 via the small ports 39. .From the passageway 65, the motive fluid is admitted into the valve bushing passage 56 via thevertical chamber 66 and passageway 61, from Where it is admitted into the passageway via the flat 59 formed on the valve 31 and the valve bushing passage 55. From the passageway 10, the motive fluid is admitted into the rotor chamber 48 through the port 68, thus exerting pressure on the blades 42 to ail'ect the rotation of the rotor in a clockwise direction in Fig. 5, In this instance, the exhaust port is rendered ineffective by the throttle valve 31, which is positioned to prevent communication between the valve bushing-ports 6I and 58, thus preventing'the exhaust of the motive fluid from the rotor chamber 48, via the port 1l, passageway 16, valve bushing ports 8| and 58, cavity 12 and exhaust port 13. The motive fluid is thereby permitted to remain in the rotor chamber-48 and act on the blades 42 until the blade having the motive iluid acting thereon, finally uncovers the port 14. Thereafter, the motive uid is free to exhaust from the rotor chamber 48 to the atmosphere via the port 14, passageway 11, valve bushing passage 82, valve flat 64, valve bushing passage 58, cavity 12 and the exhaust port 13. In the event a portion of the motive iluid should remain entrapped into the rotor chamber 40 between the ports 14 and 68, it is free to escape therefrom to the atmosphere via the port 69, passageway 1I, valve bushing passage 51, valve ilat 68, valve bushing passage 58, cavity 12 and exhaust port 13.

When the handle sleeve 28 is rotated in the position shown in Fig. 3, the camming action of the side walls of the slot 26 on the pin 21, will causeA the throttle valve head 2| to move in iluid tight engagement with its seat as shown in Fig. 9, preventing'thereby the admission of the motive iluid into the motor. During this position of the throttle Valve 22, the cylindrical valve 31 is positioned as shown in Figs. l0 and 11, that is, in closed position relative to the different passages within the valve bushing 54. In this instance, the further rotary movement of the handle sleeve 28 from the position shown in Fig. 3 to the position shown in Fig. 4, is prevented due to the engagement o! the end of the key 32 with the side wall of the slot 35 formed in the end wall of the sleeve 28. 'I'his safety device is provided to preclude an accidental rotation of the handle sleeve 28 into the position causing the reversed rotation of the motor. Consequently, when it is desired to rotate the handle sleeve 28 in the position shown in Fig. 4, it is rst necessary to slide the key 32 toward the left in Fig. 2 out of engagement with the side wall of the slot 35.

During the rotation oi.' the handle sleeve 28 from the position shown in Fig. 3 to the position shown in Fig. 4, the side walls of the slot 28 again engaging the pin 21, will cause the latter to move the throttle valve 22 in the open position shown in Fig. 12, permitting thereby the motive uid to be admitted into the handle bore as previously explained. During this rotation of the handle sleeve 28, the cylindrical valve 31, due to its association with the sleeve 28 through the screw 30, is also rotated in the position shown in Figs. 13 and 14. The motive iuid is now free to ilow into the passageway 61 in the manner previously described, from where it is admitted into the rotor chamber 40 via the valve bushing passage 56. valve flat 60, valve bushing passage 51, passageway 1I and port 69. The motive iluid thus admitted into the rotor chamber B0, will act on the blades 42 to impart rotation to the rotor in a counterclockvvise direction in Fig. 5. In this instance, the motive iluid is prevented to exhaust through the port 14, passageway 11, and valve bushing 62, since the communication of the latter with the exhaust port 13 via the valve bushing passage 58 and passageway 12, is prevented by the valve 31. After the blade, on which motive iluid exerts pressure, uncovers the port 15, the motive fluid is free to exhaust to the trapped in the rotor chamber 4l between the ports 'l5 and 68, it is free to exhaust to the atmosphere via the port 68, passageway 10, passage 5I, valve flat B9, passage 5B, passageway l2 and exhaust port 13.

'I'he inlet ports 6B and '69 as tive to the blades 42 in a manner aording the efficiency of the motor, irrespective of the direction of rotation thereof, to be equal to the maximuni efficiency heretofore obtained in fluid actuby the motive 'fluid therein to vexpand until the pocket reaches its maximum volume. Immediately'thereafter, the motive fluid is allowed to exhaust from the pocket before it is compressed therein due to a reduction in the volumetric capacity of the pocket, producing thereby a motor of very high eiilciency, which `may well be equal f to that of a motor of the non-reversible type.

The rotation of the rotor 4l is transmitted to the driving pinion 44, which in turn transmits rotation'at a reduced rate of speed to the shaft 4l through the gear transmission 45, thus imparting rotation to the work receiving member 48 I secured at theend of the shaft 41. The speed of rotation of the vmotor is automatically regulated by the centrifugal governor El, whichcauses through the lever`52, the slidable movement of..-

the valve 53 within lthe vertical chamber `66 for effecting a more'or less complete communication of the passageway 65 with the passageway 61, thereby controlling the amount of the motive fluid admitted into the rotor chamber 40.

Although the foregoing description is necessarily of a detailed charactenrin order to completely set forth the invention, it is to be undery a rotor within said chamber mounted in eccentric relation with the ycenter axis thereof. for rotation -in either direction, a plurality of blades carried by said rotor capable of substantially fluid-tight engagement with the inner Wall of said chamber and forming between them pockets of varying volumetric capacity, means for actuating said rotor comprising two sets of passages opening into said chamber each set including an inlet/ passage capable of admitting motive fluid successively into each of said pockets and an exhaust passage located for successive communication with each of said pockets immediately after s the volumetric capacity thereof has reached its well as the outlet j ports 14 and l5', are arranged and disposed relarotor chamber for ractuating saidrotor in either direction. said valve memberbeing posltionable for closing the exhaust passage of one of said 'sets and causing the inlet passage thereof to act as an exhaust passage, by opening the saine to the Vatmosphere while the exhaust and inlet passages of the 'other set are normally .open by said valve member.

2. In a fluid actuated rotary motor of the reversible type, the combination of a rotor chamber, a rotor within said chamber mounted in tangential engagement with the inner wall thereof for rotation in either direction, a plurality of elements carried by said rotor capable of substantially fluid tight engagement with the inner wall of said chamber and forming between them pockets of'varying volumetric capacity, means and outl of said chamber for actuating said rotor including a duality of ports opening into said chamber one located on each side of the tangen- Vfor admitting and exhausting motive fluid into` y tial engagement aforesaid in equal space relation therewith, a duality of passages opening into said chamber located one on each side of said engagernent with the distance between said passages taken on the inner wall of said chamber equal to the corresponding distance between said element when the pocket between them has reached its maximum volumetric capacity, a centrifugally actuated speed governor, and means f or selectively controlling the direction of rotation of said rotor including a valve member having motive uid owing therefrom to said governor to be controlled thereby and returned therefrom to said valve member to be admitted therefrom into said rotor chamber for actuating said rotor in either direction, said valve member being positionable for simultaneously establishing connection of one of said ports with a. motive source of supply, closing the passage adjacent to said port, and opening the other ofsaid port and passage to the atmosphere.

3. Ina fluid actuated rotary motor of the reversible type, thecombination of a rotor chamber having a rotor rotatable therein in either direction, blades carried by said rotor 'forming between them pockets varying in size during the rotation of said rotor, a port located within each quadrant of the inner peripheral wall of said chamber, two of said ports located within adjacent quadrants constituting inlet ports capable of conveying motive fluid into said pockets for actuating said rotor by acting on said blades, the other two ports constituting exhaust ports for the motiveiiuid admitted into said chamber, said exhaust ports being located on the edges of the greatest pocket possibly formed between said blades, a centrifugally actuated speed governor, a throttle valve admitting motive fluid to said governor to be controlled thereby, and means including said throttle valve for controlling the admission of the' motive iuid from said governor through one or the other of said inlet ports and for rendering ineffective the exhaust port located Within the quadrant adjacent to that of the inlet port conveying motive fluid into said chamber, allowing thereby the exhaust of the motive fluid to take place successively immediately after each of said pockets reaches its maximum size.

4. In a fluid actuated rotary motor of the reversible type, the combination of a housing formed with a chamber having a rotor mounted in eccentric relation with the inner wall thereof for rotation in either direction, said chamber deiining two half portions of identical configuracev tion. a plurality of elements carried by said rotor forming between them pockets varying in size during the rotation of said rotor, an inlet port within each of said half portions capable of admitting motive fluid into said pockets for actuating said rotor by acting on said elements, an outlet port within each of said haii' portions located on the further edge of the greatest pocket possibly formed between said elements during the rotation of said rotor due to the admission of the motive uid through the inlet port located within the half portion other than that of said outlet port allowing thereby the motive uid to exhaust through the latter immediately after each ot said pockets reaches its maximum size, a centrifugally actuated speed governor, a throttle valve admitting motive fluid to said governor to be controlled thereby, and means including said throttle valve for selectively controlling the admission of the motive fluid from said governor through one or the other of said inlet ports and for simultaneously closing the outlet port located within the same half portion as that of the inlet port 10 admitting the motive uid into said pockets.

PAUL VAN SII'I'ERT. 

